CVE-2025-0411: Ukrainian Organizations Targeted in Zero-Day Campaign and Homoglyph Attacks


In September, 2024 the Zero Day Initiative (ZDI) Threat Hunting team identified the exploitation of a 7-Zip zero-day vulnerability used in a SmokeLoader malware campaign targeting Ukrainian entities.

The vulnerability, CVE-2025-0411, was disclosed to 7-Zip creator Igor Pavlov, leading to the release of a patch in version 24.09 on November 30, 2024. CVE-2025-0411 allows the bypassing of Windows Mark-of-the-Web protections by double archiving files, thus preventing necessary security checks and allowing the execution of malicious content. The vulnerability was actively exploited by Russian cybercrime groups through spear-phishing campaigns, using homoglyph attacks to spoof document extensions and trick users and the Windows Operating System into executing malicious files.

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Source: Trend Micro


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