GoldMelody’s Hidden Chords: Initial Access Broker In-Memory IIS Modules Revealed


Unit 42 researchers uncovered a campaign by an initial access broker (IAB) to exploit leaked Machine Keys — cryptographic keys used on ASP.NET sites — to gain access to targeted organizations.

IABs breach organizations and then sell that access to other threat actors. This report analyzes the tools used in these attacks. Palo Alto track this actor as the temporary group TGR-CRI-0045. The group seems to follow an opportunistic approach but has attacked organizations in Europe and the U.S. in the following industries: financial services, manufacturing, wholesale and retail, high technology, and transportation and logistics. The IAB used these leaked keys to sign malicious payloads that provide unauthorized access to targeted servers, in a technique called ASP.NET View State deserialization.

Read more…
Source: Palo Alto Unit 42


Sign up for the Cyber Security Review Newsletter
The latest cyber secnews and insights delivered right to your inbox.


Related:

  • Adapt or pay: an analysis of the AdaptixC2 framework

    April 17, 2026

    As highlighted in our previous post about the Mythic framework, threat actors are rapidly adopting emerging technologies and frameworks. A prime example of this trend is AdaptixC2, a relatively new open-source post-exploitation framework that has quickly captured the attention of the offensive security community. Its popularity stems from its open-source nature and high extensibility; the framework ...

  • British National Pleads Guilty to Hacking into Companies and Stealing At Least $8 Million in Virtual Currency

    April 17, 2026

    SANTA ANA, California – A United Kingdom man pleaded guilty today to conspiring with others to hack into the computer systems of at least a dozen companies via text message phishing attacks and to steal at least $8 million in virtual currency from individual victims throughout the United States. Tyler Robert Buchanan, 24, of Dundee, Scotland, ...

  • Dissecting Sapphire Sleet’s macOS intrusion from lure to compromise

    April 16, 2026

    Microsoft Threat Intelligence uncovered a macOS‑focused cyber campaign by the North Korean threat actor Sapphire Sleet that relies on social engineering rather than software vulnerabilities. By impersonating a legitimate software update, threat actors tricked users into manually running malicious files, allowing them to steal passwords, cryptocurrency assets, and personal data while avoiding built‑in macOS security checks. ...

  • “iCloud storage is full” scam is back, and now it wants your payment details

    April 16, 2026

    A few months ago, we reported on a fake cloud storage alert that triggered a redirect chain to an app that has since been delisted from the Apple Store. The threat of losing your photos is a powerful lure, so scammers are now using it to steal personal and financial details. The Guardian warns about an ...

  • Europol-supported global operation targets over 75 000 users engaged in DDoS attacks

    April 16, 2026

    On 13 April 2026, 21 countries joined forces in a coordinated action week that focused on enforcement and prevention measures against over 75 000 criminal users engaging in distributed denial-of-service (DDoS)-for-hire services. With over 75 000 warning emails and letters being sent to identified criminal users and 4 arrests, the action week also led to the ...

  • Patch these critical Fortinet sandbox bugs that let attackers bypass login, run commands over HTTP

    April 15, 2026

    Watch out for more Fortinet vulns! Two critical bugs in Fortinet’s sandbox could allow unauthenticated attackers to bypass authentication or execute unauthorized code on vulnerable systems. Luckily, the security vendor has issued fixes – so patch now – and so far, there are no reports of active exploitation. But considering that the vulnerabilities are now public, ...