Unit 42 has tracked and responded to several waves of intrusion operations conducted by the cybercrime group we track as Muddled Libra (aka Scattered Spider, UNC3944) across different sectors in recent months.
This article contains observations on Muddled Libra thus far in 2025 based on Unit 42 incident response insights. Unit 42 researchers share defensive recommendations that they have seen organizations use successfully against the threat. The researchers also include what’s likely next for this prolific adversary. Muddled Libra’s recent activity follows a series of international law enforcement operations aimed at disrupting the threat group in mid-to-late 2024, including federal charges levied against five suspected members in November 2024. Since that time, Muddled Libra returned with enhanced capabilities, evolving its tradecraft to be further-reaching, faster and more impactful.
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Source: Palo Alto Unit 42
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